Hurting Memories and Beneficial Forgetting

记忆对于个体和社会群体而言是必不可少的。遗忘不仅意味着功能缺失，还意味着个性缺失。创伤后应激综合症（PTSD）还显示记忆还可能有伤害性并导致问题产生。个体和社会群体乃至社会在这方面均是如此。记忆特别是负面记忆可能逃脱个体的控制范围。许多政治冲突只有当考虑到历史和记忆因素时才可以理解。
本卷对个体和社会中的创伤性记忆的形成进行了全面科学的概述。本书还描述了后果，例如，个体中精神障碍所造成的，例如PTSD或其他神经症性障碍，抑或社会紧张和冲突所造成的，从南非到北欧。此外，本书也从个体治疗到社会群体之间的和解方面讨论了“有益的忘记”。通过对比“创伤性记忆和有益的忘记”可以帮助理解记忆可以造成积极和消极的结果并且决定何时选择记忆何时选择忘记是困难的。

Memories are indispensable for individuals as well as social groups. Forgetting not only means loss of functioning but also loss of identity. Memories can also be hurting and cause problems, as research on posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSD) has shown. This is true for individuals as well as social groups and even societies. Memories and especially negative memories can escape the control of the individual. Many political conflicts can only be understood when taking history and memories into account.
In this volume a comprehensive scientific overview is given on the development of "hurting memories" in individuals and societies. Consequences are described, i.e. from mental disorders in individuals, like PTSD or other neurotic disorders, to societal tensions and conflicts, from South Africa to Northern Europe. Additionally, "beneficial forgetting" is discussed, from treatments of individuals to reconciliation between social groups. The contrasting of "hurting memories and beneficial forgetting" can help to understand, that memories can have positive and negative results and that it is difficult to decide when to support memories and when forgetting.