钙与维生素D的膳食参考摄入量

Calcium and vitamin D are undoubtedly essential nutrients for the human body. The key questions are: What processes can these nutrients affect in terms of desirable health outcomes, and how much of each nutrient is needed to achieve the effect?

During the past 10 years, there has been increasing interest in the possibility of enhanced roles for vitamin D in human health. A number of researchers in the scientific community have suggested relationships between vitamin D intake and health outcomes ranging from cancer prevention to increased immunity; others have suggested possible roles in preventing diabetes or preeclampsia during pregnancy. The media have also taken an interest, and public expectations have been raised. At the same time, physicians have been ordering blood tests that seem to suggest, based on use of criteria that have yet to be validated, that many in our North American population are vitamin D deficient. For calcium, there is concern that some may not be obtaining sufficient amounts given the foods they eat. Calcium has been increasingly added to foods, and calcium supplement use, particularly among older persons, is widespread. There is controversy concerning levels of nutrient intake, and at times the concept that “more is better” emerges. However, for both calcium and vitamin D, there is another underlying question: How much is too much?

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