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Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology
(RESP PHYSIOL NEUROBI) 《呼吸生理学与神经生物学》

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呼吸生理学与神经生物学
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Published 2013年3月,Volume 186,Issue 1

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1  

Mechanism of augmented exercise hyperpnea in chronic heart failure and dead space loading

Review Article
Pages 114-130
Chi-Sang Poon, Chung Tin
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Research Articles
2  

Spinal pathways mediating phrenic activation during high frequency spinal cord stimulation

Original Research Article
Pages 1-6
Anthony F. DiMarco, Krzysztof E. Kowalski
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Highlights

► HF-SCS results in physiologic activation of the diaphragm. ► HF-SCS of the phrenic motoneurons does not involve cervical pre-phrenic interneurons. ► HF-SCS is mediated by spinal pathways located in the lateral funiculi.
 
3  

Evidence for rhombomeric organization of multiple respiratory oscillators in the bullfrog brainstem

Original Research Article
Pages 7-15
Michael J. Klingler, Michael S. Hedrick
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Highlights

► We examine if multiple respiratory oscillators are present in brainstem rhombomeres. ► Respiratory oscillators are contained in several rhombomeres during development. ► Multiple oscillators are sufficient but not necessary for rhythm generation.
 
4  

Time course of asymptomatic interstitial pulmonary oedema at high altitude

Original Research Article
Pages 16-21
Pierre Bouzat, Guillaume Walther, Thomas Rupp, Gregory Doucende, Jean-François Payen, Patrick Levy, Samuel Verges
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Highlights

► Interstitial pulmonary oedema was assessed at 4350 m by ultrasonography. ► Interstitial pulmonary oedema was clearly observed the first 2 days at altitude. ► Transient interstitial pulmonary oedema is part of acclimatization to high altitude. ► It does not relate to changes in left ventricle function or pulmonary hypertension.
 
5  

Modeling of release position and ventilation effects on olfactory aerosol drug delivery

Original Research Article
Pages 22-32
Xiuhua A. Si, Jinxiang Xi, JongWon Kim, Yue Zhou, Hualiang Zhong
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Highlights

► Significantly improved olfactory dosages were achieved with proposed protocols. ► Drug release at front vestibule gives twice olfactory dosage than at back. ► Deep intubation with inhalation yields optimal olfactory depositions. ► Current delivery efficiencies are still too low to be clinically practical.
 
6  

CO2 relaxation of the rat lung parenchymal strip

 Original Research Article
Pages 33-39
Michael J. Emery, Randy L. Eveland, Jin-Hye Min, Jacob Hildebrandt, Erik R. Swenson
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Highlights

► We investigated the CO2 effects on recoil in normoxic rat lung parenchymal strips. ► We also investigated the role of myosin in CO2-dependent parenchymal strip recoil. ► Increasing image (20–53 mmHg) produced reversible parenchymal relaxation. ► Myosin blocker, 2,3-BDM (30 mM) eliminated CO2-dependent parenchymal strip recoil. ► Non-smooth muscle myosin may underlie CO2-dependent parenchymal recoil.
 
7  

Impact of laparoscopic surgery on thoracoabdominal mechanics and inspiratory muscular activity

Original Research Article
Pages 40-44
Adriana Claudia Lunardi, Denise de Moraes Paisani, Clarice Tanaka, Celso Ricardo Fernandes Carvalho
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Highlights

► Laparoscopic surgery reduces chest wall ventilation and inspiratory muscular activity. ► Laparoscopic effects seem to depend on the patient's reported pain. ► This is the first study to identify changes in the chest wall mechanics induced by laparoscopic. ► OEP is a new technique that evaluates chest wall kinematics in surgical patients.
 
8  

The in-vivo oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve at sea level and high altitude

Original Research Article
Pages 45-52
Dahlia Y. Balaban, James Duffin, David Preiss, Alexandra Mardimae, Alex Vesely, Marat Slessarev, G.R. Zubieta-Calleja, Ernest R. Greene, David B. MacLeod, Joseph A. Fisher
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Highlights

► We describe the first in-vivo measurement of the O2 dissociation curves. ► High altitude residents have O2 dissociation curves that are shifted to the left. ► Blood pH was sufficient to account for the shift of the O2 dissociation curves. ► A mathematical model predicted the O2 dissociation curves from the subjects’ pH.
 
9  

Regular exercise training attenuates pulmonary inflammatory responses to inhaled alumina refinery dust in mice

 Original Research Article
Pages 53-60
Valéria Marques Ferreira Normando, Flavia Mazzoli-Rocha, Dayse Kelly Molina Moreira, Bárbara Chaves Barcellos, Domingos Wanderley Picanço-Diniz, Walter Araújo Zin
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Highlights

► For the first time the interaction between exposure to alumina and exercise is addressed. ► In mice exposed to alumina the viscoelastic component of elastance and the viscoelastic/inhomogeneous pressure augmented. ► In the same animals the lung polymorphonuclear amount, the fraction area of alveolar collapse and TGF-β increased. ► Exercise may mitigate the pro-inflammatory response to inhaled aluminum refinery dust.
 
10  

Improvement of exercise capacity in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension by the phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor Vardenafil

 Original Research Article
Pages 61-64
Stephan Schroll, Daniela Sebah, Michael Wagner, Viktoria Popara, Michael Pfeifer, Friedrich Blumberg
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Highlights

► The effects of the phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor Vardenafil in pulmonary arterial hypertension are unknown. ► We show for the first time that Vardenafil attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary artery hypertension in rats. ► Vardenafil improves pulmonary vascular remodeling, hemodynamics, right ventricular hypertrophy and exercise capacity. ► Whether Vardenafil is a treatment option for patients with pulmonary hypertension needs to be elucidated.
 
11  

Early and late acute lung injury and their association with distal organ damage in murine malaria

Original Research Article
Pages 65-72
Mariana C. Souza, Johnatas D. Silva, Tatiana A. Pádua, Vera Luiza Capelozzi, Patricia R.M. Rocco, Maria das Graças Henriques
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Highlights

► Acute lung injury was developed earlier than cerebral malaria symptoms. ► At day 1, lung presents areas with alveolar collapse, neutrophil infiltration, interstitial oedema and mechanics impairment. ► At late phase, cerebral malaria symptoms were associated with distal organ damage and an increase in inflammatory cytokines.
 
12  

Influence of age, body temperature, GABAA receptor inhibition and caffeine on the Hering–Breuer inflation reflex in unanesthetized rat pups

 Original Research Article
Pages 73-80
Ashley V. Arnal, Julie L. Gore, Alison Rudkin, Donald Bartlett Jr., J.C. Leiter
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Highlights

► Caffeine blunted thermal prolongation of the Hering–Breuer Reflex. ► Caffeine probably achieved this effect by blocking adenosine A2a receptors. ► Blocking GABAA receptors had no effect on the thermal prolongation of the Hering–Breuer Reflex.
 
13  

Differences in gas exchange between severities of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Original Research Article
Pages 81-86
Wilawan Thirapatarapong, Hilary F. Armstrong, Byron M. Thomashow, Matthew N. Bartels
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Highlights

► The chief finding of this study is that there is altered gas exchange with exercise, as measured by image and image, between patients with various severities of COPD. ► Patients with GOLD 3 and 4 COPD have a significantly higher image and lower image at peak exercise than GOLD 2 patients. ► We speculate that true physiology with exercise includes both lower image and higher image in GOLD 2 COPD, reflecting less efficient ventilation, and high image and low image in GOLD 3 and 4 COPD, reflecting ventilatory limitations. ► Our novel finding is that we demonstrate ventilatory changes over the spectrum of advanced COPD with complete ventilatory parameters on CPET.
 
14  

Uncoupling mitochondrial activity maintains body image during hemorrhage-induced O2 deficit in the anesthetized rat

 Original Research Article
Pages 87-94
Philippe Haouzi, Andry Van de Louw
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Highlights

► Oxygen consumption decreases in a model of acute hemorrhage in the rat when O2 delivery decreases, just like in larger mammal. ► Increasing O2 demand during hemorrhage induced O2 deficit increases oxygen consumption and O2 delivery. ► Cellular and systemic mechanisms which decreases O2 demand during hemorrhage account for a large part of HS induced image decline.
 
15  

Effects of unsupported arm training on arm exercise-related perception in COPD patients

Original Research Article
Pages 95-102
I. Romagnoli, G. Scano, B. Binazzi, C. Coli, G. Innocenti Bruni, L. Stendardi, F. Gigliotti
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Highlights

► The impact of upper extremity training on UAE dyspnea and arm fatigue remains unclear. ► Arm training might affect unsupported arm exercise-related perception by decreasing motor output to respiratory muscles. ► UAET improved outcome measurements without affecting chest wall operational volumes or configuration. ► A reduction in ventilation correlated with a simultaneoreduction in chemical output. ► A decrease in ventilatory demand relative to decreased central motor output accounted for a decrease in arm and respiratory effort in UAET.
 
16  

The rise in carboxyhemoglobin from repeated pulmonary diffusing capacity tests

Original Research Article
Pages 103-108
Gerald S. Zavorsky
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Highlights

► Repeated 5-s single breath-hold diffusing capacity tests were performed. ► 55 ppm NO and 0.28% CO, 19.5% O2, 9.5% He, Bal N2, was inhaled per test. ► Carboxyhemoglobin percentage increased by 0.44% per test between the second and 22nd test. ► Pulmonary diffusing capacity for CO was significantly reduced when carboxyhemoglobin percentage was 6% (the 10th test). ► Pulmonary diffusing capacity for NO was not altered after 22 tests while methemoglobin percentage only changed minimally.
 
17  

Laryngeal reflex apnea in neonates: Effects of CO2 and the complex influence of hypoxia

Original Research Article
Pages 109-113
L. Xia, J.C. Leiter, D. Bartlett Jr.
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Highlights

► We measured the laryngeal chemoreflex (LCR) in decerebrate neonatal piglets. ► LCR-induced apnea (LCR-A) was prolonged by hypocapnia and shortened by hypercapnia. ► In hypoxia some piglets had biphasic responses of respiratory frequency and LCR-A. ► Prolonged LCR-A in hypoxia may be a trigger for the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome.
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