2009年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖

Elsevier对2009年诺贝尔奖获得者及其在医学、经济学、化学和物理学领域取得的巨大成就表示祝贺。我们曾有幸与其中几位大师合作，共同致力于开创并传播其史无前例的伟大研究。

Elsevier 热烈祝贺《细胞》和《遗传学与发育新观点》编委Elizabeth H. Blackburn、《癌细胞》编委兼《BBA ——癌症评论》上届编委 Carol W. Greider 以及《化学与生物学》编委Jack W. Szostak荣获2009年度诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。这三位科学家“发现了端粒和端粒酶如何保护染色体”。 

自 20世纪80年代初以来， Blackburn和Szostak一直致力于端粒的研究。他们共同发现端粒上有一段独特的DNA序列可保护染色体免遭降解。此后，Greider 和Blackburn又找到了产生端粒DNA的酶——端粒酶。这些发现解释了染色体如何受到端粒的保护以及端粒如何由端粒酶产生。 Blackburn、Szostak和Greider为人们理解细胞提供了新的视角，也为新疗法的探索与开发开辟了新的道路。

鉴于他们对人类所做出的卓越贡献，现免费开放其在Elsevier期刊上发表的所有论文，以飨科学界同仁。

Elizabeth H. Blackburn 

端粒与端粒酶：作用的机制与改变其功能后的效果
Telomeres and telomerase: their mechanisms of action and the effects of altering their functions
FEBS Letters, Volume 579, Issue 4, Pages 859-862, 7 February 2005
E. Blackburn

端粒酶：双重特性？
Telomerase: Dr Jekyll or Mr Hyde?
Current Opinion in Genetics and Development, Volume 9, Issue 3, June 1999, pp. 368-373 Prescott, J.C., Blackburn, E.H

嗜热四膜虫中的两种端粒染色质
Two types of telomeric chromatin in Tetrahymena thermophila
Journal of Molecular Biology, Volume 280, Issue 3, Pages 327-344, July 1998
Cohen, P., Blackburn, E.H.

端粒酶活性增加与整体生活方式的改变：一项初步研究
Increased telomerase activity and comprehensive lifestyle changes: a pilot study
The Lancet Oncology, Volume 9, Issue 11, November 2008, Pages 1048-1057
Dean Ornish, Jue Lin, Jennifer Daubenmier, Gerdi Weidner, Elissa Epel, Colleen Kemp, Mark Jesus M Magbanua, Ruth Marlin, Loren Yglecias, Peter R Carroll, Elizabeth H Blackburn

应激唤起相关的细胞老化与心血管疾病危险因素
Cell aging in relation to stress arousal and cardiovascular disease risk factors
Psychoneuroendocrinology, Volume 31, Issue 3, April 2006, Pages 277-287
Elissa S. Epel, Jue Lin, Frank H. Wilhelm, Owen M. Wolkowitz, Richard Cawthon, Nancy E. Adler, Christyn Dolbier, Wendy B. Mendes, Elizabeth H. Blackburn 

Carol W. Greider

哺乳动物端粒动力学：修复、片段缩短和稳定
Mammalian telomere dynamics: Healing, fragmentation shortening and stabilization
Current Opinion in Genetics and Development, Volume 4, Issue 2, April 1994, Pages 203-211 Greider, C.W.

周期蛋白依赖性激酶(CDK1)对端粒延伸的调节
Regulation of Telomere Elongation by the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase CDK1
Molecular Cell, Volume 24, Issue 3, 3 November 2006, Pages 423-432
Frank, C.J., Hyde, M., Greider, C.W.

端粒末端复制问题与细胞老化
Telomere end-replication problem and cell aging
Journal of Molecular Biology, Volume 225, Issue 4, 20 June 1992, Pages 951-960
Levy, M.Z., Allsopp, R.C., Futcher, A.B., Greider, C.W., Harley, C.B.

端粒
Telomeres
Current Opinion in Cell Biology, Volume 3, Issue 3, June 1991, Pages 444-451
Greider, C.W

Jack W. Szostak

非生物性ATP结合蛋白的结构及进化性研究
Structure and Evolutionary Analysis of a Non-biological ATP-binding Protein
Journal of Molecular Biology, Volume 371, Issue 2, 10 August 2007, Pages 501-513
Mansy, S.S., Zhang, J., Kümmerle, R., Nilsson, M., Chou, J.J., Szostak, J.W., Chaput, J.C.

使用体外选择构建高度复杂的ORF合成库
Constructing high complexity synthetic libraries of long ORFs using in vitro selection
Journal of Molecular Biology, Volume 297, Issue 2, 24 March 2000, Pages 309-319
Cho, G., Keefe, A.D., Liu, R., Wilson, D.S., Szostak, J.W.

2009年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖

Elsevier对2009年诺贝尔奖获得者及其在医学、经济学、化学和物理学领域取得的巨大成就表示祝贺。我们曾有幸与其中几位大师合作，共同致力于开创并传播其史无前例的伟大研究。

Elsevier 热烈祝贺《细胞》和《遗传学与发育新观点》编委Elizabeth H. Blackburn、《癌细胞》编委兼《BBA ——癌症评论》上届编委 Carol W. Greider 以及《化学与生物学》编委Jack W. Szostak荣获2009年度诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。这三位科学家“发现了端粒和端粒酶如何保护染色体”。 

自 20世纪80年代初以来， Blackburn和Szostak一直致力于端粒的研究。他们共同发现端粒上有一段独特的DNA序列可保护染色体免遭降解。此后，Greider 和Blackburn又找到了产生端粒DNA的酶——端粒酶。这些发现解释了染色体如何受到端粒的保护以及端粒如何由端粒酶产生。 Blackburn、Szostak和Greider为人们理解细胞提供了新的视角，也为新疗法的探索与开发开辟了新的道路。

鉴于他们对人类所做出的卓越贡献，现免费开放其在Elsevier期刊上发表的所有论文，以飨科学界同仁。

Elizabeth H. Blackburn 

端粒与端粒酶：作用的机制与改变其功能后的效果
Telomeres and telomerase: their mechanisms of action and the effects of altering their functions
FEBS Letters, Volume 579, Issue 4, Pages 859-862, 7 February 2005
E. Blackburn

端粒酶：双重特性？
Telomerase: Dr Jekyll or Mr Hyde?
Current Opinion in Genetics and Development, Volume 9, Issue 3, June 1999, pp. 368-373 Prescott, J.C., Blackburn, E.H

嗜热四膜虫中的两种端粒染色质
Two types of telomeric chromatin in Tetrahymena thermophila
Journal of Molecular Biology, Volume 280, Issue 3, Pages 327-344, July 1998
Cohen, P., Blackburn, E.H.

端粒酶活性增加与整体生活方式的改变：一项初步研究
Increased telomerase activity and comprehensive lifestyle changes: a pilot study
The Lancet Oncology, Volume 9, Issue 11, November 2008, Pages 1048-1057
Dean Ornish, Jue Lin, Jennifer Daubenmier, Gerdi Weidner, Elissa Epel, Colleen Kemp, Mark Jesus M Magbanua, Ruth Marlin, Loren Yglecias, Peter R Carroll, Elizabeth H Blackburn

应激唤起相关的细胞老化与心血管疾病危险因素
Cell aging in relation to stress arousal and cardiovascular disease risk factors
Psychoneuroendocrinology, Volume 31, Issue 3, April 2006, Pages 277-287
Elissa S. Epel, Jue Lin, Frank H. Wilhelm, Owen M. Wolkowitz, Richard Cawthon, Nancy E. Adler, Christyn Dolbier, Wendy B. Mendes, Elizabeth H. Blackburn 

Carol W. Greider

哺乳动物端粒动力学：修复、片段缩短和稳定
Mammalian telomere dynamics: Healing, fragmentation shortening and stabilization
Current Opinion in Genetics and Development, Volume 4, Issue 2, April 1994, Pages 203-211 Greider, C.W.

周期蛋白依赖性激酶(CDK1)对端粒延伸的调节
Regulation of Telomere Elongation by the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase CDK1
Molecular Cell, Volume 24, Issue 3, 3 November 2006, Pages 423-432
Frank, C.J., Hyde, M., Greider, C.W.

端粒末端复制问题与细胞老化
Telomere end-replication problem and cell aging
Journal of Molecular Biology, Volume 225, Issue 4, 20 June 1992, Pages 951-960
Levy, M.Z., Allsopp, R.C., Futcher, A.B., Greider, C.W., Harley, C.B.

端粒
Telomeres
Current Opinion in Cell Biology, Volume 3, Issue 3, June 1991, Pages 444-451
Greider, C.W

Jack W. Szostak

非生物性ATP结合蛋白的结构及进化性研究
Structure and Evolutionary Analysis of a Non-biological ATP-binding Protein
Journal of Molecular Biology, Volume 371, Issue 2, 10 August 2007, Pages 501-513
Mansy, S.S., Zhang, J., Kümmerle, R., Nilsson, M., Chou, J.J., Szostak, J.W., Chaput, J.C.

使用体外选择构建高度复杂的ORF合成库
Constructing high complexity synthetic libraries of long ORFs using in vitro selection
Journal of Molecular Biology, Volume 297, Issue 2, 24 March 2000, Pages 309-319
Cho, G., Keefe, A.D., Liu, R., Wilson, D.S., Szostak, J.W.