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颅内幕上手术后使用自控式静脉止痛法的疗效：一项前瞻性随机对照试验

Efficacy of intravenous patient-controlled analgesia after supratentorial intracranial surgery: a prospective randomized controlled trial

Morad AH, Winters BD, Yaster M 2010/6/22 11:48:26

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J Neurosurg, 2009,

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Object:
Opioid administration following major intracranial surgery is often limited by a presumed lack of need and a concern that opioids will adversely affect postoperative outcome and interfere with the neurological examination. Nevertheless, evidence is accumulating that these patients suffer moderate to severe postoperative pain and that this pain is often undertreated. The authors hypothesized that intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) would safely and more effectively treat postoperative supratentorial craniotomy pain than conventional as needed (PRN) therapy.

Methods:
Following a standardized course of general anesthesia, adult patients who underwent elective supratentorial intracranial surgery were randomized in the neurosciences intensive care unit to receive either PRN intravenous fentanyl 25–50μg every 30 minutes or PCA intravenous fentanyl 0.5μg/kg every 15 minutes (maximum 4doses/hour). The authors measured pain (self-reported scale score [0–10]), sedation (Ramsay Sedation Scale score), Glasgow Coma Scale score, fentanyl use, and major adverse events (excessive sedation, respiratory depression, pruritus, nausea, or vomiting) hourly.

Results:
Sixty-four patients with a mean age of 48 years (range 22–77 years) were randomized to intravenous PCA (29 patients) or PRN fentanyl (35 patients) groups. There were no statistically significant demographic differences between the 2 groups. Patients receiving intravenous PCA had significantly lower pain scores than those receiving intravenous PRN fentanyl (2.53±1.96 vs 3.62±2.11 [p=0.039]) and received significantly more fentanyl than the PRN group (44.1±34.5 vs 23.6±23.7μg/hour [p=0.007]). There were no differences between the 2 groups regarding the number of patients with adverse events.

Conclusions:
Intravenous PCA more effectively treats the pain of supratentorial intracranial surgery than PRN fentanyl, and patients in the former group did not experience any untoward events related to the self-administration of opioids.

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疾病资源中心

高血压	慢性阻塞性肺病
脂肪性肝病	糖尿病
卒中	肺癌
冠心病	子宫内膜异位症
结直肠癌	乳腺癌
心力衰竭	心律失常

病例分析 [栏目介绍]

甲状腺功能亢进合并黄疸

王燕燕王曙

上海交通大学附属瑞金医院内分泌科

患者，女，69岁。2009年1月无明显诱因下出现乏力，当时程度较轻，未予以重视。2009年3月患者乏力症状加重，尿色逐渐加深，大便习惯改变，颜色变淡。4月18日入我院感染科治疗，诉轻度头晕、心慌，体重减轻10kg。无肝区疼痛，无发热，无腹痛、腹泻、腹胀、里急后重，无恶性、呕吐等。入院半月前于外院就诊，查肝功能：ALT 601IU/L，AST 785IU/L，TBIL 97.7umol/L，白蛋白 41g/L，甲状腺功能：游离T3 30.6pmol/L，游离T4 51.9pmol/L，心电图示快速房颤。

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