2015 NICE指南：儿童及青少年1型和2型糖尿病的诊断与管理

Diabetes is a long-term condition that can have a major impact on the life of a child or young person, as well as their family or carers. In addition to insulin therapy, diabetes management should include education, support and access to psychological services, as detailed in this guideline. Preparations should also be made for the transition from paediatric to adult services, which have a somewhat different model of care and evidence base.

Type 1 diabetes is becoming more common in the UK, and since 2004 type 2 diabetes is also being diagnosed with increasing frequency. The 2013–14 National Diabetes Audit identified 26,500 children and young people with type 1 diabetes and 500 with type 2. Much of the general care for type 2 diabetes is the same as for type 1 diabetes, although the initial management is different. In addition, the overweight and obesity associated with type 2 diabetes also bring an increased risk of renal complications in particular, and of problems such as hypertension and dyslipidaemia. These differences in management and complications need guidance specific to type 2 diabetes, which is included here for the first time. A variety of genetic conditions (such as maturity-onset diabetes in the young) and other conditions (such as cystic fibrosis-related diabetes) may also lead to diabetes in children and young people, but the care of these diverse conditions is beyond the scope of this guideline.

全文地址：